Đồ thị sự nghiệp AI
Khám phá nghề nghiệp theo mức lương, lộ trình PR, thời gian đào tạo, nhu cầu việc làm và rủi ro thay thế bởi AI.
513+ careers
11 career categories
Salary / PR / training / demand
Spain
🧭 Bản đồ sự nghiệp thời AI
Không phải mọi công việc đều bị AI thay thế. Chính xác hơn, AI viết lại cấu trúc nhiệm vụ của mỗi nghề: một số bị nén lại, một số được khuếch đại, và một số vẫn bền vững nhờ cấp phép, làm tại chỗ, quan hệ chăm sóc và trách nhiệm công cộng. Chúng tôi nhóm các nghề thành 6 cụm để giúp bạn đánh giá rủi ro việc làm, xây dựng gì trong 5 năm tới, và những vai trò bền vững hơn bạn có thể chuyển sang.
Xem toàn bộ Bản đồ Sự nghiệp AI →🏆 Xếp hạng sự nghiệp thời AI
Sợ bị thay thế? Muốn di cư, lương cao, hay dễ vào ngành? Chúng tôi cung cấp 8 bảng xếp hạng trên các khía cạnh khác nhau để giúp bạn tìm hướng đi.
Xem đầy đủ →Tốt nhất cho di trú
Software and multimedia analyst and designer
Software and Multimedia Analysts and Designers
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Advanced 2 years
Electrical technician Electrical Engineering Technicians
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Kỹ thuật viên điện Electrical Engineering Technician
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Occupational Risk Prevention and Environmental Health Technician Occupational Health and Safety Technician
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of university degree
Database and Computer Network Specialist (not separately categorized) Database and Network Specialists Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €55,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Network Technician Network Technicians
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational training + 4 years of bachelor's degree in computer engineering
Nghề thu nhập cao nhất
Giám đốc điều hành
Chief Executive Officer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €400,000~€1,200,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Vận động viên Athletes and Sportspeople
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €100,000~€500,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor of Sports Science: 4 years + Intermediate Vocational Training: 2 years
Bullfighting professionals Bullfighting Professionals
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€300,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bullfighting school training: 2-4 years + apprenticeship practice: 1-3 years
Director of supply, transportation, distribution, and related companies Supply, Transport, Distribution and Related Company Directors
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €100,000~€180,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Chief Financial Officer Financial Directors
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€150,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Member of the executive and legislative bodies Members of Executive and Legislative Bodies
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€150,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Nghề dễ vào nhất
Tổng đài viên điện thoại
Telephone Operator
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · No formal education requirement: 1-3 months
Land transport ticket inspectors and cashiers Ticket Inspector and Fare Collector
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Post-compulsory education training: 3-6 months
Lifeguard Lifeguard
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề 1 năm
Astrologers, fortune tellers, and related professions Astrologers, Fortune Tellers and Related Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Short-term training course: 1 year
Nước lau cửa sổ Window Cleaners
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề 1 năm
Street vendors and market vendors Street and Market Vendors
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Basic course: 1 year
Danh mục
Tất cả nghề
Production Manager for Agriculture, Animal Husbandry, and Forestry
Agricultural and Forestry Production Managers
PR pathwayLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Fisheries and Aquaculture Production Manager Fishery and Aquaculture Production Managers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Kỹ sư nông nghiệp Agricultural Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Agricultural Technology Engineer Agricultural Technical Engineer
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Forestry and Natural Environment Technology Engineer Technical Forest and Natural Environment Engineers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Environmental protection professionals Environmental Protection Professionals
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 1 year of master's degree
Winemaker Winemaker
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years bachelor's degree + 2 years advanced vocational training
Bioscience Technician (excluding health field) Biological Science Technicians (except in health areas)
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €33,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Kỹ thuật viên nông nghiệp Agricultural Technician
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Forestry and Natural Environment Technician Forestry and Natural Environment Technicians
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Animal caretakers and trainers Animal Caretaker and Trainer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Forestry and environmental inspector Forest and Environmental Agents
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Agricultural technician Skilled Agricultural Worker
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational education 2 years + vocational education 2 years
Skilled workers in orchards, greenhouses, nurseries, and horticulture Skilled Horticultural Workers in Orchards, Greenhouses, Nurseries and Gardens
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€34,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Skilled cattle farmers Skilled Cattle Rancher
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Skilled sheep and goat herders Skilled Sheep And Goat Herder
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Skilled pig farmers Skilled Pig Farming Worker
PR pathwayHigh demandMed AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Beekeeping and sericulture technical workers Qualified Workers in Beekeeping and Sericulture
Employer-sponsoredLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Poultry and rabbit breeding technicians Skilled Poultry And Rabbit Farmers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Other unclassified livestock technical workers Skilled Livestock Workers Not Elsewhere Classified
Med AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Mixed agricultural workers Mixed Agricultural Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Forestry and Natural Environment Technician Forestry Worker
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate vocational education 2 years + Advanced vocational education 2 years
Skilled aquaculture operator Skilled Aquaculture Worker
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Fishermen in coastal and inland waters Coastal and Inland Waters Fisher
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Deep-sea fishermen Deep-sea Fisher
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 1-2 years of maritime professional training
Hunting activity technician Hunting Activities Skilled Workers
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Công nhân chế biến cá Fish Processing Workers
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básico 2 years
Dairy processing workers Dairy Processing Workers
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Processing worker for fruit and vegetable canning and non-alcoholic beverages Fruit and Vegetable Preservers and Non-Alcoholic Beverage Workers
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €23,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of secondary education + 2 years of intermediate vocational training
Brewer Wine Makers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior for 2 years + Grado en Enología for 4 years
Food and beverage tasting and grading specialist Food and Beverage Taster and Grader
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of bachelor's degree
Fumigation workers and other pest and weed control personnel Fumigators and Other Pest and Weed Controllers
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Mobile agricultural machinery operator Mobile Agricultural Machinery Operator
Med AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Mobile forestry machinery operator Mobile Forestry Machinery Operator
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Agricultural workers (excluding orchards, greenhouses, nurseries, and gardens) Agricultural Laborers (Except in Orchards, Greenhouses, Nurseries and Gardens)
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €20,000~€25,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary vocational education: 2 years
Orchards, greenhouses, nurseries, and garden agricultural workers Agricultural Laborer in Orchards, Greenhouses, Nurseries and Gardens
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €19,200~€24,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básico 2 years
Livestock workers Livestock Worker
PR pathwayHigh demandHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years
Công nhân ngư nghiệp Fishing Laborer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · No formal education required. None
Aquaculture workers Aquaculture Laborer
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years
Forestry and hunting workers Forestry and Hunting Laborers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Forest management: 2 years
Agricultural workers Agricultural Laborer
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of agricultural vocational training + 2 years of agricultural technician
Giám đốc điều hành Chief Executive Officer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €400,000~€1,200,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Chief Financial Officer Financial Directors
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€150,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Human Resources Director Human Resources Directors
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €65,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Director of Sales and Marketing Sales and Marketing Managers
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €70,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Director of Advertising and Public Relations Advertising and Public Relations Directors
PR pathwayHigh demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €60,000~€90,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1 year for master's
Manager of banking, financial services, and insurance branches Branch Managers of Banks, Financial Services and Insurance
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €60,000~€90,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years undergraduate + 1-2 years MBA
Director of other professional services firms Directors of Other Professional Services Companies Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €65,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years undergraduate + 1-2 years MBA
Wholesale trade manager and director Wholesale Trade Managers And Directors
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Retail store manager Retail Store Manager
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Mathematicians and actuaries Mathematicians and Actuaries
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €65,000~€90,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Notaries and Registrars Notary and Registrar
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor of Laws 4 years + Master of Laws 1-2 years
Litigation agent Court Attorney (Procurador)
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Unclassified legal professionals Legal Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Accounting expert Accounting Specialist
PR pathwayEasier PRMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Financial and investment advisor Financial and Investment Adviser
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €65,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 1 year of official master's degree
Nhà phân tích tài chính Financial Analyst
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €70,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Management and Organization Analyst Management and Organization Analysts
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Corporate Policy Management Specialist Business Policy Administration Specialists
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Human Resources and Personnel Policy Specialist Human Resources and Personnel Policy Specialists
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Advertising and marketing professionals Advertising and Marketing Professionals
PR pathwayHigh demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €55,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Information and communication technology sales professionals ICT Sales Professional
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €65,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Chuyên gia kinh tế Economist
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Financial and investment assistant professionals Finance and Investment Associate Professionals
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €51,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1-2 years for official master's
Loan and credit salesperson Loan and Credit Salespersons
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of high school or secondary vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Bookkeeper Bookkeeper
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Statistics, mathematics, and related auxiliary professionals Statistical, Mathematical and Related Support Professionals
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of higher vocational training
Thẩm định viên Appraisers
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Business agency and representation Commercial Agent and Representative
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary education or 2 years of secondary education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Insurance brokers and agents Insurance Brokers and Agents
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Procurement agency Purchasing Agents
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Customs representative Customs Representative
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of university degree
Real estate agents and property managers Real Estate Agents and Property Administrators
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary education and vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Secretary in charge Secretarial Supervisors
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Legal assistant Legal Assistant
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Administrative assistant and administrative supervisor Executive Assistants and Administrative Officers
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Paralegals and legal support professionals Paralegal and Legal Services Support Professionals
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Accounting clerk Accounting Clerk
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
HR and payroll manager Payroll and Personnel Clerks
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior in Administración y Finanzas 2 years + Undergraduate 4 years
Staff of the Office of Statistics, Finance, and Banking Services Statistical, Financial and Banking Services Office Employees
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of secondary education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Clerk at the Production Support Office Production Support Office Clerks
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
HR service staff Personnel Service Employees
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
No Public Reception Administrative Assistant (not recategorized) Administrative Employees Without Public-Facing Duties Not Elsewhere Classified
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €27,000~€33,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years + FP Grado Superior 2 years
Front Desk Receptionist (Non-Hotel) Receptionist (Except Hotel)
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary or vocational education + 2 years of intermediate vocational training administrative direction
Investigating interviewers Survey Interviewer
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years at FP Grado Superior + 4 years at university
Bank cashier and related staff Bank Cashiers and Related Clerks
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary education + 2 years of financial management
Pawnshop and loan officer Pawnbroker and Loan Officer
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Cashier and related clerks Debt Collector and Related Clerks
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate vocational training administrative management, 2 years
Customer Service Administrative Assistant Customer Service Administrative Assistants
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio en Gestión Administrativa for 2 years + FP Grado Superior en Administración y Finanzas for 2 years
Telemarketing operator Telemarketing Operator
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years
Door-to-door salesperson Door-to-Door Salesperson
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Post-compulsory education training: several weeks to several months (in-house training).
Technical and Medical Sales Professionals (excluding ICT) Technical and Medical Sales Professionals (except ICT)
PR pathwayLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of vocational training
Employment Agencies or Labor Brokers (excluding entertainment industry) Employment Agents or Brokers (Except Entertainment)
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · High school graduate: 2 years + undergraduate degree: 4 years
Director and manager of leisure, cultural, and sports event enterprises Directors and Managers of Recreational, Cultural and Sports Activities Enterprises
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Product and fashion designers Product and Garment Designers
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Higher vocational education: 2 years + undergraduate: 4 years
Nhà thiết kế đồ họa và đa phương tiện Graphic and Multimedia Designer
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of vocational training
Nhân viên quan hệ công chúng Public Relations Professional
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Writer Writer
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate degree in Literary Journalism + 1 year master's degree in Creative Writing
Phóng viên Journalist
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Linguist, interpreter, and translator Philologists, Interpreters and Translators
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1-2 years for official master's
Visual artist Visual Artists
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Composer, musician, and singer Composers, Musicians and Singers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Advanced Music Degree 4 years + University Music Bachelor of Music 4 years
Choreographers and dancers Choreographer and Dancer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Professional dance training: 2-4 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Film, theater, and related directors Film, Theater and Related Directors
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Diễn viên Actor
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Advanced vocational training in performing arts: 2 years + Bachelor of Drama Arts: 4 years
Hosts of radio, television, and other programs Radio, Television and Other Presenters
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1 year for master's
Bullfighting professionals Bullfighting Professionals
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€300,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bullfighting school training: 2-4 years + apprenticeship practice: 1-3 years
Other creative and performing artists Creative and Performing Artists Not Elsewhere Classified
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Spokesperson and public relations agent Spokespersons and Public Relations Agents
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1 year for master's
Arts and sports agents and other commercial service agents Artistic and Sports Representatives and Other Commercial Services Agents
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of vocational training
Religious foreign aid management Lay Religious Assistant
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Basic Theological and Religious Studies Course: 1-2 years
Vận động viên Athletes and Sportspeople
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €100,000~€500,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor of Sports Science: 4 years + Intermediate Vocational Training: 2 years
Sports coaches and referees Sports Coaches and Referees
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Sports activity coach Sports Activity Instructor
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational education + 4 years of bachelor's degree
Leisure and entertainment activity monitor Recreation and Entertainment Activity Monitors
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training
Nhiếp ảnh gia Photographer
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Interior designers and decorators Interior Designers and Decorators
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of higher vocational training
Technicians in art galleries, museums, and libraries Gallery, Museum and Library Technicians
Employer-sponsoredMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational education 2 years + undergraduate education 4 years
Culture and arts support technicians and professionals Cultural and Artistic Support Technicians and Professionals
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Audiovisual recording technician Audiovisual Recording Technicians
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Kỹ thuật viên phát thanh Broadcasting Technicians
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Coders and proofreaders Coders and Proofreaders
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€36,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
User information service personnel User Information Clerks
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 12 years of high school diploma or equivalent + 2 years of administrative management
Tổng đài viên điện thoại Telephone Operator
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · No formal education requirement: 1-3 months
Fashion, art, and advertising model Fashion, Art and Advertising Models
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior en Imagen Personal 2 years
Thợ cắt tóc Hairdresser
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Housekeeping housekeeper Domestic Service Butlers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 1-2 years of master's degree in hotel management or domestic management
Personal assistant or companion Personal Assistant or Companion
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate or advanced social care related level: 1-2 years
Funeral service personnel and embalmers Funeral Director and Embalmer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€36,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Íóí 2 years + professional training course lasting 6-12 months
Other unclassified personal service workers Personal Service Workers Not Elsewhere Classified
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Instrument maker and sound engineer Musical Instrument Makers and Tuners
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Prepress worker Prepress Workers
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Tailors, women's tailors, fur makers, and hatmakers Tailor, Dressmaker, Furrier and Hatter
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Photography laboratory operator Photographic Laboratory Operator
High AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Advertising distributors, shoemakers, and other street workers Advertising distributors, shoe shiners and other street occupations workers
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €18,000~€22,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Basic education: No requirements
Astrologers, fortune tellers, and related professions Astrologers, Fortune Tellers and Related Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Short-term training course: 1 year
Education Services Supervisor Education Services Directors
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Master's degree 1-2 years + Bachelor's degree in Educational Management or related fields 4 years
University and other higher education teachers University and Higher Education Teachers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Doctoral degree 4 years + Master's degree 1-2 years
Vocational Training Teacher (Professional Courses) Vocational Training Teacher (Specific Subjects)
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1 year for master's
Secondary School Teachers (excluding specific vocational subjects) Secondary School Teachers (Except Specific Vocational Subjects)
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Giáo viên tiểu học Primary School Teacher
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Early childhood education teacher Early Childhood Education Teacher
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €33,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree in Early Childhood Education, 4 years + Advanced Vocational Training in Early Childhood Education, 2 years
Early childhood education technician Early Childhood Education Technician
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Giáo viên giáo dục đặc biệt Special Education Teacher
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Expert in pedagogy and pedagogy Educational Methods and Pedagogy Specialist
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Non-formal education language teacher Non-Regulated Language Teacher
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Non-formal music and dance teacher Non-Regulated Music and Dance Teacher
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Non-degree art teacher Non-Regulated Arts Teacher
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of higher art education + 2 years of vocational training
Information Technology Lecturer (Non-formal Education) Information Technology Instructor (Non-Formal Education)
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years bachelor's degree + 2 years advanced vocational training
Environmental education professionals Environmental Education Professional
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior 2 years + Bachelor's degree 4 years
Uncategorized teachers and education professionals Teachers and Education Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Các nhà vật lý và thiên văn học Physicists and Astronomers
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Nhà sinh vật học Biologist
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Training specialists Training Specialist
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Nhà xã hội học Sociologist
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Philosopher, historian, and political scientist Philosophers, Historians and Political Scientists
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Social work and education professionals Social Work and Education Professionals
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Clergy of all religions Clergy of Various Religions
Employer-sponsoredLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + seminary or religious institution training: 3-5 years
Archivist and museum curator Archivists and Museum Curators
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
librarians, archivists, and related professionals Librarian
Employer-sponsoredHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1 year for master's
Social work and education support professionals Social Work and Education Support Professionals
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Community event planner Community Animator
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Library and archival assistant Library and Archive Assistants
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Kindergarten and education center caregivers Childcare Worker in Nurseries and Educational Centers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Driving school instructor Driving Instructor
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate and senior: 1-2 years
Giáo viên giáo dục đặc biệt Special Education Teacher
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of advanced vocational training
R&D Director Research and Development Directors
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €90,000~€130,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's 4 years + Master's 1-2 years
Giám đốc sản xuất Manufacturing Managers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €65,000~€100,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Director of Mining Operations Mining Operations Directors
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Director of a construction company Construction Company Directors
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €75,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Director and manager of waste management and other services companies Waste Management and Other Services Directors and Managers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €55,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Nhà hóa học Chemist
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's 4 years + Master's 1-2 years
Geologists and geophysicists Geologist And Geophysicist
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Forestry engineer Forest Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Industrial and Production Engineer Industrial and Production Engineers
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Architectural and civil engineers Construction and Civil Engineering Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €46,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Kỹ sư cơ khí Mechanical Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Aeronautical engineer Aeronautical Engineer
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €52,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Kỹ sư hóa học Chemical Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Mining engineers, metallurgists, and related professionals Mining Engineer, Metallurgist and Related Professionals
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Kỹ sư môi trường Environmental Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Other engineering professionals Engineers, Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Kỹ sư điện Electrical Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €46,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Electronics engineer Electronics Engineer
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1-2 years for official master's
Telecommunications engineer Telecommunications Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €52,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Architect (excluding landscape and urban planners) Architect (Except Landscape and Urban Planners)
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €48,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 5 years for bachelor's degree + 1 year for master's degree
Kiến trúc sư cảnh quan Landscape Architect
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Urban and Transportation Engineer Urban and Traffic Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €46,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Geographers and cartographers Geographers and Cartographers
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Public Works Technical Engineer Public Works Technical Engineer
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Kỹ thuật viên cơ khí Mechanical Engineering Technician
Employer-sponsoredMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Aeronautical engineering technician Aeronautical Engineering Technician
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of higher education + 2 years of vocational training
Chemical engineering engineer Chemical Technical Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Mining, metallurgy, and related technical engineers Mining, Metallurgical and Related Technical Engineers
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Other unclassified technical engineers Technical Engineers Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Kỹ thuật viên điện Electrical Engineering Technician
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Kỹ thuật viên kỹ thuật điện tử Electronics Engineering Technician
Employer-sponsoredMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Telecommunications Technology Engineer Telecommunications Technical Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Technical architect and urban planner Technical Architect and Urban Planner
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Draftsman and technical draftsman Drafter and Technical Illustrator
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Physical and chemical science technician Physical and Chemical Science Technicians
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Advanced vocational training: 2 years + Bachelor's degree: 4 years
Kỹ thuật viên xây dựng Construction Technician
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €33,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of Advanced Vocational Training + 4 years of Bachelor of Architecture and Civil Engineering
Electrical technician Electrical Engineering Technicians
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Kỹ thuật viên điện tử Electronics Technician
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of higher vocational training
Mechanical technician Mechanical Engineering Technician
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Industrial chemistry laboratory technician and analyst Industrial Chemistry Laboratory Technicians and Analysts
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Metallurgical and mining technician Metallurgy and Mining Technicians
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Other physical, chemical, environmental, and engineering science and technicians Other Physical, Chemical, Environmental and Engineering Science Technicians
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Energy production equipment technicians Energy Production Plant Technicians
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Waste treatment plant operators Waste Treatment Plant Operator
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €33,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior in Environmental Chemistry or Water Treatment, 2 years + University Engineering degree, 4 years
Control Technician at a Chemical Processing Plant Chemical Processing Plant Control Technician
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Oil and gas refining technician Petroleum and Natural Gas Refinery Technicians
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Process control technicians not separately classified Process Control Technicians Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate degree
Physical, chemical, and engineering science quality control technician Quality Control Technician in Physical, Chemical and Engineering Sciences
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate engineering or chemistry at university
Mining engineering supervisor Mining Engineering Supervisors
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Master's degree is 6 years + Advanced Vocational Training is 2 years
Head of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industry Supervisors of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Industries
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Head of the plastics, rubber, and natural resin processing industry Supervisors of Plastics, Rubber and Natural Resins Processing Industries
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Other manufacturing supervisors Supervisors of Other Manufacturing Industries
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €41,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of Advanced Vocational Training + 4 years of Bachelor of Engineering
Telecommunications Engineering Technician Telecommunications Engineering Technician
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Operators of machinery for pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and related products Pharmaceutical, Cosmetics And Related Products Machine Operators
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€38,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Industrial and Production Technology Engineer Industrial and Production Technical Engineers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Technical measurement engineer Technical Surveying Engineer
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Kỹ sư hệ thống điện Power Systems Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €52,000~€68,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Chứng nhận ngành Điện điện tử Cơ điện tử 4~6 năm + chuyên ngành nâng cao 6~24 tháng
Kỹ sư hệ thống lưu trữ năng lượng Battery Energy Storage (BESS) Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €52,000~€68,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Chứng nhận ngành Điện điện tử Cơ điện tử 4~6 năm + chuyên ngành nâng cao 6~24 tháng
Kỹ sư hạ tầng trạm sạc xe điện EV Charging Infrastructure Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €48,000~€62,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Chứng nhận ngành Điện điện tử Cơ điện tử 4~6 năm + chuyên ngành nâng cao 6~24 tháng
Kỹ sư điện trung tâm dữ liệu Data Centre Electrical Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €56,000~€72,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Chứng nhận ngành Điện điện tử Cơ điện tử 4~6 năm + chuyên ngành nâng cao 6~24 tháng
Kỹ sư bảo vệ và điều khiển Protection & Control Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €52,000~€68,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Chứng nhận ngành Điện điện tử Cơ điện tử 4~6 năm + chuyên ngành nâng cao 6~24 tháng
Chuyên gia chẩn đoán bình ắc quy xe điện EV Battery Diagnostics Specialist
Employer-sponsoredMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng trung cấp nghề Kỹ thuật điện điện tử hoặc kỹ thuật điện điện tử ô tô 1~2 năm
Member of the executive and legislative bodies Members of Executive and Legislative Bodies
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€150,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Senior public administration officials Senior Public Administration Officials
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €65,000~€90,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Head of social interest organizations Directors of Social Interest Organizations
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's 4 years + Master's 1-2 years
Executive Director of Policy and Planning and Other Uncategorized Administration Directors of Policy and Planning and Other Administrative Departments Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €60,000~€90,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Director of Children's Social Services Children's Social Services Manager
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Cử nhân: 4 năm + Thạc sĩ: 1 năm
Nhà khí tượng học Meteorologist
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Luật sư Lawyers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €70,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor of Laws 4 years + Master of Laws 1-2 years
Công tố viên Public Prosecutor
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor of Laws 4 years + Prosecutor specialized training 1-2 years
Judges and magistrates Judges and Magistrates
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €95,000~€135,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor of Laws: 4 years + Advanced Judicial School Training: 1-2 years
Public administration expert Public Administration Specialists
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Commissioner for Gender Equality Opportunities Equal Opportunity Officer (Gender)
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Auxiliary professionals in public tax administration Public Administration Tax Support Professionals
Employer-sponsoredMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Social service administrative support professionals Social Services Administration Support Professionals
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Support for professionals in handling public administration licenses Public Administration Licensing Support Professionals
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Other auxiliary professionals in public administration inspection and control Other Public Administration Support Professionals for Inspection and Control Tasks
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Technical personnel of national, autonomous region, and local police forces National, Regional and Local Police Technicians
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
National Guard non-commissioned officer Non-Commissioned Officers of the Civil Guard
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher secondary education or equivalent + 3 years of military training and professional courses
Private detective Private Detective
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of university major
Commissioner for Gender Equality Gender Equality Promoter
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years for undergraduate + 1 year for master's
Postal Service Staff (excluding counter staff) Postal Service Clerks (Except Counter Clerks)
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €23,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary vocational education: 2 years
Post office counter staff Post Office Counter Clerks
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Two years after compulsory education
National Guard officer Civil Guard
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân, 4 năm
National police National Police Officer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · High school graduate or equivalent academic qualifications, no compulsory higher education requirements,
Autonomous region police Regional Police Officer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · High school diploma or equivalent: 2 years + police academy training: 9-12 months
Local police Local Police Officer
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 12 years of high school graduation or equivalent + 1-2 years of police training school
Firefighters (excluding forest firefighting) Firefighter (except forest firefighters)
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · High school graduation: 12 years + firefighter training course: 6-18 months
Forest firefighters Forest Firefighter
High demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €33,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary education or 2 years of secondary education + 1 year of specialized training course
Armed security Armed Security Guard
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 1 year of university courses
Security Assistant (not qualified to carry a firearm) Security Guard Assistant
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years
Prison guards Prison Guard
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€46,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years
Protection and security service personnel not separately classified Security and Protection Services Workers Not Elsewhere Classified
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational education 1-2 years + short-term training course 1 year
Concierge/reception staff member Ushers
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €23,000~€27,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Compulsory education graduation with no fixed class hours
Street cleaners and related professions Street Sweepers and Related Workers
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Junior vocational training: 2 years
Sĩ quan lực lượng vũ trang Commissioned Armed Forces Officers
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €52,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Military Academy: 5 years
Armed forces non-commissioned officer Non-Commissioned Officers Of The Armed Forces
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 1 year of basic military training + 2 years of professional training for non-commissioned officers
Armed Forces soldiers Armed Forces Enlisted Personnel
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Officer School: 2 years
Director of Hospital and Medical Services Hospital and Healthcare Service Directors
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €75,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Social Services Manager for the Elderly Managers of Social Services for the Elderly
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Other Social Services Directors Directors of Other Social Services
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Bác sĩ đa khoa General Practitioner
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €60,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor of Medicine 6 years + Residency training 4 years
Other medical specialists Other Medical Specialists
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €90,000~€130,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor of Medicine 6 years + Residency training 4-5 years
Registered Nurse (General Practice) Registered Nurse (General)
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Specialist nurses (excluding midwives) Specialized Nurse (Except Midwife)
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of associate degree training
Hộ sinh Midwife
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Midwifery specialist: 2 years
Bác sĩ thú y Veterinarian
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree 5 years + Master's degree 1-2 years
Dược sĩ Pharmacist
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree 5 years + Master's degree 1-2 years
Nha sĩ Dentist
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €70,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree 5 years + Master's degree 2-3 years
Chuyên viên vật lý trị liệu Physiotherapist
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Nutritionists and dietary experts Dietitians and Nutritionists
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Nhà trị liệu ngôn ngữ Speech Therapist
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + official master's degree: 1-2 years
Bác sĩ đo thị lực Optometrists
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Occupational therapist Occupational Therapist
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Bác sĩ chữa bệnh chân Podiatrist
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Occupational health and hygiene professionals Occupational Health and Hygiene Professionals
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €43,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Other unclassified health professionals Health Professionals Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Psychologist Psychologist
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + official master's degree: 1-2 years
Electronics Technician (Biomedical Electronics Track) Electronics Technician, Specializing in Electromedicine
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Radiotherapy technician Radiotherapy Technologist
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €37,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational training + 4 years of bachelor's degree
Diagnostic imaging technician Diagnostic Imaging Technician
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Anatomical pathology and cytology technician Anatomical Pathology and Cytology Technician
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Clinical diagnostic laboratory technician Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Technician
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Orthopedic prosthetist technician Orthopaedic Technicians
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Prosthetic Technician Dental Prosthesis Technician
Employer-sponsoredMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Hearing aid fitting technician Hearing Aid Technician
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 1-2 years of university-certified master's degree
Senior oral hygiene technician Senior Dental Hygiene Technician
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Senior Health Documentation Technician Senior Health Documentation Technician
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate degree
Senior Nutrition Technician Senior Dietetic Technician
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Optometric technician Optometry Technician
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Physical therapy assistant Physiotherapy Assistant
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€34,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of higher vocational training
Occupational Risk Prevention and Environmental Health Technician Occupational Health and Safety Technician
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of university degree
Trợ lý thú y Veterinary Assistant
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Unclassified health technicians Health Technicians Not Elsewhere Classified
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Acupuncturists and traditional Chinese medicine practitioners Acupuncturists and Traditional Chinese Medicine Practitioners
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of vocational training
Other alternative therapy professionals Other Alternative Therapies Professionals
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Professional training: 2 years + Bachelor's degree: 4 years
Medical or clinic secretary Medical or Clinic Secretary
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Hospital nursing assistant Hospital Nursing Assistant
High demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years
Junior Care Assistant Primary Care Nursing Assistant
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Kỹ thuật viên dược Pharmacy Technician
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate vocational training: 2 years
Emergency medical technician Emergency Medical Technician
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Health Service Personal Caregiver (Other Uncategorized) Personal Care Workers in Health Services Not Elsewhere Classified
High demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €23,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Home personal caregiver Home Personal Care Worker
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of junior vocational training + 2 years of intermediate vocational training
Nhân viên chăm sóc trẻ em gia đình Childcare Workers in Private Homes
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational training: 1-2 years
Experts in beauty, spa, and related treatments Aesthetic, Wellness and Related Treatment Specialist
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of higher vocational training
Lifeguard Lifeguard
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề 1 năm
Quản lý khách sạn Hotel Manager
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years bachelor's degree + 2 years advanced vocational training
Director and manager of other accommodation service companies Directors And Managers Of Other Accommodation Service Companies
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Advanced Vocational Training in Tourism and Hotel Management: 2 years + Bachelor's in Tourism or Business Management: 4 years
Restaurant manager Restaurant Manager
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Bar, café, and similar venue managers Bar, Cafeteria and Similar Managers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Food and Banquet Service Manager Catering and Restaurant Managers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree in Hotel Management and Catering Management: 4 years + Master's in Restaurant Management: 1 year
Tourism and Event Technician Tourism and Travel Technical Officer
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational education 2 years + undergraduate education 4 years
Conference and event planner Conference and Event Organizer
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior 2 years + Bachelor's degree 4 years
Đầu bếp Chef
High demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of higher vocational training
Travel agency staff Travel Agency Employees
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€34,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of high school or vocational education + 3-4 years of associate or bachelor's degree in tourism management
Lễ tân khách sạn Hotel Receptionist
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Tổng đài viên điện thoại Telephone Operator
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €23,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational training: 2 years + associate or bachelor's degree: 3-4 years
arcade attendants and related personnel Gaming Floor Staff
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề: 2 năm
Bar and restaurant operators Proprietors Of Bars And Restaurants
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€80,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio en Cocina y Gastronomía 2 years + óí 2 years
Đầu bếp Cook
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Người phục vụ Waiters
High demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Head of the retail store department Retail Store Section Manager
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of high school graduation or secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Store clerk Shop Sales Assistant
High demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €23,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Business: 2 years
Shop owner Shop Proprietors
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Newsstand clerk Kiosk Salesperson
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €20,000~€25,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational training: 1-2 years
Street vendors and market vendors Street and Market Vendors
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Basic course: 1 year
Gas station attendant Gas Station Attendant
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary education: 4 years
Sales promoter Sales Promoters
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years
Unclassified sales personnel Salespersons Not Elsewhere Classified
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề: 2 năm
Cashiers and ticket sellers (excluding banks) Cashiers and Ticket Clerks (Except Bank)
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básico 2 years
Flight attendants and ship and train attendants Flight Attendants and Cabin Crew (Air, Sea, Rail)
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior in Azafata de Vuelo for 2 years + University Bachelor's degree for 4 years
Tour companions Tourist Escort
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Hướng dẫn Tour Guide
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Maintenance and cleaning supervisor for offices, hotels, and other venues Supervisors of Maintenance and Cleaning in Offices, Hotels and Other Establishments
Employer-sponsoredLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years + FP Grado Superior 2 years
Building manager Building Concierge
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate: 2 years
Small accommodation owner-operators Small Accommodation Owner-Operator
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Domestic service staff Domestic Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €18,000~€22,000
🎓 Đào tạo · No formal education required. None
Cleaners in offices, hotels, and other venues Office, Hotel and Other Establishment Cleaner
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · No formal education required
Manual dry cleaners and related personnel Hand Dry Cleaners and Related Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate vocational training: 2 years
Chất tẩy rửa xe Vehicle Cleaner
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational education: 1-2 years
Other cleaning staff Other Cleaning Personnel
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €21,000~€25,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational training: 1-2 years
Kitchen assistant Kitchen Assistant
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Junior vocational training: 2 years
Fast food preparer Fast Food Preparer
High demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary vocational education: 2 years
Người bán hàng rong Street Vendor
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Không yêu cầu trình độ học vấn cụ thể 0
Luggage handlers and colleagues Baggage Porters and Bellhops
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề: 2 năm
Nhân viên bổ sung hàng lên kệ Shelf Filler
High demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básica, 2 years
Betting salespeople Betting Sales Employees
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básico 2 years
Director of Information and Communication Technology Services ICT Services Directors
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €75,000~€110,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Chuyên gia thống kê Statistician
PR pathwayHigh demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree 4 years + Master's degree 1-2 years
Systems analyst Systems Analyst
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €48,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Master's degree: 1-2 years
Software analysts and designers Software Analysts and Designers
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Advanced 2 years
Web and multimedia analysts, programmers, and designers Web and Multimedia Analysts, Programmers and Designers
PR pathwayHigh demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Software and multimedia analyst and designer Software and Multimedia Analysts and Designers
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Advanced 2 years
Database designers and administrators Database Designers and Administrators
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €55,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
System and Network Administrator Systems and Network Administrator
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €44,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate training
Computer network analyst Computer Network Analyst
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€60,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree in Computer Engineering: 4 years + Advanced Vocational Training in Network Management: 2 years
Database and Computer Network Specialist (not separately categorized) Database and Network Specialists Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €55,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Computer system operation and maintenance technician Computer Systems Operations Technician
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of higher vocational training
Information Technology User Support Technician IT User Support Technician
PR pathwayHigh demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of university bachelor's degree
Network Technician Network Technicians
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational training + 4 years of bachelor's degree in computer engineering
Network Technician Web Technicians
PR pathwayHigh demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€65,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of advanced vocational training + 4 years of undergraduate education
Lập trình viên máy tính Computer Programmers
PR pathwayHigh demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €55,000~€75,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate education + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Nhân viên nhập dữ liệu Data Entry Operators
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €27,000~€33,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary education or 2 years + high school graduation or 1-2 years
Nhà Cung Cấp Firmware Embedded / Firmware Engineer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €52,000~€68,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Công nhận bằng cử nhân Điện tử vi điện tử máy tính 4~6 năm + nâng cao chuyên ngành 6~24 tháng
Kỹ sư FPGA FPGA Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €58,000~€78,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Công nhận bằng cử nhân Điện tử vi điện tử máy tính 4~6 năm + nâng cao chuyên ngành 6~24 tháng
Kỹ sư thiết kế chip ASIC ASIC Design Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €58,000~€78,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Công nhận bằng cử nhân Điện tử vi điện tử máy tính 4~6 năm + nâng cao chuyên ngành 6~24 tháng
Kỹ sư thiết kế IC tín hiệu tương tự/kết hợp Analog / Mixed-Signal IC Design Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €58,000~€78,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Công nhận bằng cử nhân Điện tử vi điện tử máy tính 4~6 năm + nâng cao chuyên ngành 6~24 tháng
Kỹ sư kiểm chứng IC IC Verification Engineer
PR pathwayLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €54,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Công nhận bằng cử nhân Điện tử vi điện tử máy tính 4~6 năm + nâng cao chuyên ngành 6~24 tháng
Metal production process control technician Metal Production Process Control Technicians
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of Advanced Vocational Training + 4 years of Bachelor of Engineering
Building supervisor Construction Supervisors
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Head of Food and Tobacco Industry Supervisors of Food and Tobacco Industries
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Head of the timber and paper industry Supervisors of Wood and Paper Industries
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Supervisor of printing and paper production Production Supervisor in Graphic Arts and Paper Products Manufacturing
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Formwork and concrete workers Formworkers And Concrete Operatives
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate vocational training for 2 years + advanced vocational training for 2 years
Precast concrete component installer Precast Concrete Structural Assemblers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Bricklayer Bricklayer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€38,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational training 2 years + apprenticeship 2-3 years
Stone cutting, splitting, carving, and chiseling skills Stone Cutters, Splitters, Carvers And Engravers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Carpentry (excluding joinery) Carpenter (except cabinet makers)
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Metal door and window installer and metal carpenter Metal Window and Door Installers and Metal Carpenters
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Building maintenance worker Building Maintenance Worker
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of junior vocational training + 2 years of intermediate vocational training
Technical facade installer Technical Façade Installer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €38,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Building waterproofing system installer Building Waterproofing System Installers
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 1-2 years of on-the-job apprenticeship
Other construction structure workers Other Construction Structural Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio en Construcción for 2 years
Thợ trát Plasterers
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational education 2 years + apprenticeship 2-3 years
Plasterers versus plasterers Plasterers and Stucco Masons
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Plumber Plumber
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years + FP Grado Superior 2 years
Building gas installer Gas Installer in Buildings
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Public works pipeline installer Public Works Duct Installer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €29,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Painter and mounter Painters and wallpaperers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years + FP Grado Superior 2 years
Manufacturing painters Painters in Manufacturing Industries
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €29,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Floor installers, parquet floor installers, and related personnel Floor Layers, Parquet Installers and Related Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Refrigeration and air conditioning machinery installer Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Mechanics and Installers
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Roofer Roof Coverers
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Thermal and soundproofing material installer Thermal and Sound Insulation Installer
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
thợ thủy tinh Glazier
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Solar panel installer Solar Panel Installer
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Building exterior wall and chimney cleaner Building Facade and Chimney Cleaner
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary education + 1 year of vocational training certificate
Mold casters and core makers Molders and Coremakers
High AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2-3 years of apprenticeship
Welders and gas cutters Welder and Oxy-Cutter
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh demandHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Sheet metal workers and boiler manufacturers Sheet Metal Workers and Boilermakers
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Thợ lắp đặt kết cấu thép Steel Erector
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Cable structure assemblers and cable operators Cable Structure Assemblers and Cable Joiners
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €34,000~€43,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Blacksmiths and blacksmiths Blacksmiths And Forging Press Workers
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Initial vocational training 1-2 years + intermediate vocational training 2 years
Tool makers, mechanical assemblers, model workers, mold workers, and related personnel Tool Makers, Metal Patternmakers, and Die Makers
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Machine tool debugging and operator Machine Tool Setters and Operators
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €33,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Metal polisher and tool sharpener Metal Polisher and Tool Sharpener
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Motor vehicle mechanics and maintenance workers Motor Vehicle Mechanics and Repairers
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Aero engine mechanics and adjusters Aircraft Engine Mechanics and Adjusters
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€52,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Agricultural and industrial machinery repairman and adjuster Agricultural and Industrial Machinery Mechanics and Adjusters
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€38,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate 2 years + Advanced 2 years
Ship and railway mechanics and adjusters Naval and Railway Machinery Mechanics and Adjusters
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Thợ sửa xe đạp Bicycle Repairer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề: 2 năm
Thợ điện tòa nhà Construction Electrician
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Electrical equipment mechanic and maintenance worker Electrical Equipment Mechanics and Repairers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Thợ lắp đặt và sửa chữa đường dây điện Electrical Line Installers and Repairers
PR pathwayLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€48,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of higher vocational training
Electronic equipment mechanics and repairmen Electronic Equipment Mechanics and Repairers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Medical electronic equipment installation and maintenance worker Electromedical Equipment Installers and Repairers
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Information and communication technology installation and maintenance personnel ICT Installers and Repairers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Clock technicians and precision instrument mechanics Clock and Watch Repairers and Precision Instrument Makers
Employer-sponsoredLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Jewelers, goldsmiths, and silversmiths Jewelers, Goldsmiths and Silversmiths
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€50,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Glass blowers, mold workers, laminators, cutters, and polishers Glass Blowers, Molders, Laminators, Cutters, and Polishers
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2-3 years of apprenticeship
Sign maker, glass engraver, decorative painter Signwriters, Glass Engravers, Decorative Painters Of Various Articles
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2-3 years of apprenticeship
Woodworking craftsmen and related workers; Basket and brush makers, and similar workers Wood Artisans and Related Workers; Basket Makers, Brush Makers and Similar Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Textile and leather and similar material craftsmen, fiber preppers, hand loom or knitting workers, and related personnel Artisans In Textiles, Leather And Similar Materials, Fiber Preparers And Hand Loom Or Knitting Weavers And Related Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Other unclassified artisans Artisans Not Elsewhere Classified
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Printing process worker Printing Process Workers
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years + FP Grado Superior 2 years
Binding process workers Bookbinding Process Workers
High AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Bakers, pastry chefs, and confectioners Bakers, pastry chefs and confectioners
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Alcoholic beverage brewer (excluding wine) Alcoholic Beverage Distillers (excluding wine)
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of higher vocational training
Tobacco preparation and processing workers Tobacco Preparers and Products Makers
High AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary education or vocational training
Wood processing workers Wood Treatment Workers
High AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Wood processing machine debuggers and operators Woodworking Machine Setters and Operators
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Woodworkers and furniture makers Cabinetmakers and related workers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Textile and leather goods pattern maker Pattern Maker for Textile and Leather Products
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €27,000~€34,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 4 years of higher education
Fabric, leather, and material cutters Fabric, Leather and Materials Cutters
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Hand sewers, embroidery workers, and related personnel Hand Sewers, Embroiderers and Related Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of primary vocational education + 2 years of secondary vocational education
Furniture upcycling workers, mattress manufacturers, and related professions Upholsterer, Mattress Maker and Related Workers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years
Tanners and leather handlers Tanners And Pelt Preparers
Employer-sponsoredMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
shoemakers and related professions Shoemaker or Related Worker
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Diver Diver
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €50,000~€70,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 1 year of commercial diving training + 2 years of vocational training
Sticker worker Paster
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 1-2 years of apprenticeship
Product classifiers and testers (excluding food, beverages, and tobacco) Product Classifiers and Testers (Except Food, Beverages, and Tobacco)
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Other unclassified craftsmen and workers in related industries Other Craft and Related Trades Workers Not Elsewhere Classified
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of basic education or vocational training + 2 years of secondary vocational training
Miners and other mining facility operators Miners And Other Operators In Mining Installations
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Operators of mineral and rock processing equipment Mineral and Rock Processing Plant Operators
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €31,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Drillers and related workers Driller and related workers
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €36,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Operator of non-metallic mineral product manufacturing machinery Non-Metallic Mineral Product Manufacturing Machinery Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Metal processing equipment operator Metal Processing Plant Operator
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €29,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Operators of metal polishing, galvanizing, and coating machines Metal Polishing, Galvanizing and Coating Machine Operators
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Chemical equipment operator Chemical Plant Operators
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Rubber and resin product machine operator Operator of Rubber and Resin Products Manufacturing Machines
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Operators of plastic product machinery Plastic Products Machine Operator
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €27,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate level: 2 years + on-the-job training, internal promotion for 6-12 months
Machine operators for paper and cardboard products Paper and Cardboard Products Machine Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Giáo dục nghề nghiệp: 2 năm
sawmill and woodworking machinery operator Sawmill and Woodworking Machine Operators
High AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate 2 years + Advanced 2 years
pulp and paper production operator Pulp and Papermaking Plant Operators
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Textile fiber preparation, spinning, and winding machine operators Textile Fiber Preparation, Spinning and Winding Machine Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary education or 2 years + FP Grado Medio 2 years
loom and other textile machine operators Loom and Other Weaving Machine Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Sewing and embroidery machine operators Sewing and Embroidery Machine Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + short-term training courses of 3-12 months
Operators of bleaching, dyeing, printing, and finishing textile machines Bleaching, Dyeing, Printing and Finishing Textile Machine Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €23,500~€28,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Leather processing machine operator Leather and Hide Processing Machine Operators
PR pathwayMed AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Operators of machinery for making footwear, leather goods, and leather gloves Shoe, Leather Goods and Glove Making Machine Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Other unclassified textile product machine operators Textile Products Machine Operator Not Elsewhere Classified
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate vocational training for 2 years + advanced vocational training for 2 years
Operators of food, beverage, and tobacco processing machinery Food, Beverage and Tobacco Processing Machine Operator
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Glass and ceramic kiln operator Glass and Ceramics Kiln and Furnace Operators
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Boiler and steam engine operators Boiler and Steam Engine Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €33,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational education + 1 year of short-term training course
Operators of packaging, bottling, and labeling machines Packaging, Bottling and Labeling Machine Operators
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Fixed equipment and machinery operators Stationary Plant and Machine Operators
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€38,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Lắp ráp cơ khí Mechanical Machinery Assembler
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Thợ lắp ráp thiết bị điện và điện tử Electrical And Electronic Equipment Assembler
PR pathwayEasier PRHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Other unclassified assemblers Assemblers Not Elsewhere Classified
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Earthmoving machinery operator Earthmoving Plant Operator
High demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Nước lau cửa sổ Window Cleaners
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề 1 năm
Meter readers and vending machine cashiers Meter Reader and Coin Machine Collector
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Graduated from junior high school in 2 years
Garbage collectors Waste Collectors
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational training: 1-2 years
Other basic professions Other Elementary Occupations
High demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €21,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básico 2 years
Public works manual laborers Public Works Laborer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of compulsory secondary education + 2 years of vocational education
Construction site porter Building Construction Labourer
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Không yêu cầu về trình độ học vấn: Không có
Mining, quarrying, and other mining industry workers Mining, Quarrying and Other Extractive Industry Laborer
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary vocational education: 2 years
Ordinary workers in manufacturing Manufacturing Labourer
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề: 2 năm
Ceramic workers, ceramics, and related professions Ceramic Workers, Potters and Related
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of higher vocational education
Slaughterhouse and meat packer Slaughterers And Meat Packers
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€32,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básica en Industrias Alimentarias 2 years + íí 2 years
Director of supply, transportation, distribution, and related companies Supply, Transport, Distribution and Related Company Directors
PR pathwayHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €100,000~€180,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bằng cử nhân 4 năm + Bằng thạc sĩ 1-2 năm
Chief engineer and engineer Ship Engineers
PR pathwayLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €80,000~€120,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate degree in Navigation and Marine Engineering + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Aviation pilots and related professionals Airline Pilot and Related Professionals
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €90,000~€150,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Civil aviation pilot license training 18-24 months + 4 years of aviation engineering driving bachelor's degree
Kiểm soát viên không lưu Air Traffic Controller
Employer-sponsoredHigh demandLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €110,000~€150,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Bachelor's degree: 4 years + Official Air Traffic Control training course: 1-2 years
Aviation safety technician Aeronautical Safety Technicians
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €42,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of higher vocational education + 4 years of undergraduate education
Shipping agency services Shipping Agent
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €40,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior en Transporte y Logística 2 years + íá 4 years
Supply and Inventory Controller Supply and Inventory Control Clerk
PR pathwayMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of secondary vocational education + 2 years of advanced vocational education
Logistics and passenger and cargo transportation staff Logistics and Transport Employee for Passengers and Goods
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Medio 2 years + FP Grado Superior 2 years
Land transport ticket inspectors and cashiers Ticket Inspector and Fare Collector
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €26,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Post-compulsory education training: 3-6 months
Ground staff Ground Attendants
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Grado Superior for 2 years
Laundry and dry cleaning machine operators Laundry and Dry-Cleaning Machine Operators
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Không yêu cầu giáo dục chính quy. Không có
Train driver Locomotive Driver
PR pathwayHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €45,000~€55,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Professional training 2 years + in-house corporate training 6-12 months
Railway shunting staff and signalmen Railway Shunters and Signallers
Employer-sponsoredMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€38,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of intermediate vocational training + 2 years of advanced vocational training
Crane, hoist, and material handling machinery operators Crane, Hoist and Lift Operator
High demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 2 years of vocational training + 2 years of vocational training
Nhân viên vận hành xe nâng Forklift Operators
High demandMed AI risk
Lương cao cấp €28,000~€35,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational training: 1-2 years
Deck and engine room sailors and related workers Deck and Engine Room Ratings
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€42,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Vocational training: 1-2 years
Own car/taxi/truck driver Owner-Driver of Cars, Taxis, and Vans
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€40,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Không yêu cầu giáo dục chính quy: Không có
Employed as a passenger car, taxi, and truck driver Salaried Driver of Cars, Taxis and Vans
High demandHigh AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Intermediate vocational training: 2 years
Bus and tram drivers Bus and Tram Drivers
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €32,000~€38,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Đào tạo nghề: 2 năm
Self-operated truck drivers Self-Employed Truck Driver
Low AI risk
Lương cao cấp €30,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · No mandatory academic requirements: Not required
Employed truck drivers Salaried Truck Drivers
High demandLow AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €35,000~€45,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Secondary education vocational training: 2 years
Motorcycle and moped drivers Motorcycle And Moped Drivers
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €24,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · Basic vocational training: 1-2 years
Walking delivery workers, errands, and messengers Delivery Persons, Errand Runners and Messengers on Foot
Med AI risk
Lương cao cấp €22,000~€26,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básica 2 years + FP Grado Medio 2 years
Waste sorters, recycling station operators, and waste collectors Waste Sorter, Recycling Worker and Scrap Collector
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básica 2 years + FP Grado Medio 2 years
Cargo handlers and loaders/unloaders Freight and Cargo Handlers
High AI risk
Lương cao cấp €25,000~€30,000
🎓 Đào tạo · FP Básico 1-2 years
Passenger transport drivers for livestock carts Animal-Drawn Vehicle Driver for Passenger Transport
Low AI riskLow competition
Lương cao cấp €18,000~€22,000
🎓 Đào tạo · No formal education required. None
The captain and senior crew on deck Ship Captains and Deck Officers
Employer-sponsoredLow AI risk
Lương cao cấp €60,000~€90,000
🎓 Đào tạo · 4 years of undergraduate + 2 years of vocational training