Human trust & care

Value comes from care relationships, emotional labour and trust.

Human relationships are central; AI offloads work but cannot replace empathy.

Global ranking across all countries.

AU NZ CA US

Rank	Dimension	Country	AI risk	Human moat	Growth	Why
1	Registered Nurse Registered Nurse	CANZ	★☆☆☆☆	18/10	★★★★★	Human trust
2	Aged care worker Aged Care Worker	AUNZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★★	Human trust
3	Early Childhood Educator (Early Childhood Teacher) Early Childhood Teacher (ECT)	AU	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★★	Human trust
4	Occupational Therapist Occupational Therapist	AUCANZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★★	Human trust
5	Midwife Midwife	AUNZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★★	Human trust
6	Psychologist (Clinical Psychologist) Psychologist (Clinical)	AU	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★★	Human trust
7	Social Worker Social Worker	AUNZ	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★★★	Human trust
8	Personal care assistant Personal Care Aides	US	½☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★½	Human trust
9	Speech Pathologist Speech Pathologist	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	18/10	★★★★½	Human trust
10	Midwife nurse Nurse Midwives	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★½	Human trust
11	Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Worker Mental Health and Substance Abuse Social Workers	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★★½	Human trust
12	Psychologist (Clinical Psychologist) Clinical Psychologist	NZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★½	Human trust
13	Marriage and Family Therapist Marriage and Family Therapists	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★½	Human trust
14	Registered Nurse Registered Nurses	US	★☆☆☆☆	18/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
15	Occupational Therapist Occupational Therapists	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★½	Human trust
16	Physiotherapist Physical Therapists	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★½	Human trust
17	Audiologist Audiologists	US	★☆☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★★★½	Human trust
18	Audiologists and Speech-Language Pathologists Audiologists and speech-language pathologists	CA	★½☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★★★½	Human trust
19	Massage Therapist Massage Therapists	USCA	★☆☆☆☆	17.4/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
20	Personal Care Worker Personal Care Worker	NZAU	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
21	Special education teacher Special Education Teacher	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
22	Community health worker Community Health Workers	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
23	Physiotherapist Physiotherapist	AUNZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
24	Mental health nurse Mental Health Nurse	NZAU	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
25	Mental health counselor Mental Health Counselors	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
26	Teacher for people with disabilities Instructors of persons with disabilities	CA	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
27	Early childhood teacher (early childhood educator) Early Childhood (Pre-primary School) Teacher	NZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
28	Counsellor / Psychotherapist Counsellors	CA	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
29	Special Education Teachers (Preschool) Special Education Teachers, Preschool	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
30	Kindergarten special education teacher Special Education Teachers, Kindergarten	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
31	Family medicine physician Family Medicine Physicians	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
32	Counsellor / Psychotherapist Counsellor	AUNZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
33	Clinical and Counseling Psychologists Clinical and Counseling Psychologists	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
34	Aboriginal Health Worker Aboriginal & Torres Strait Islander Health Worker	AUNZ	★★☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
35	Child protection officer Child Protection Officer / Caseworker	AUNZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
36	Behaviour Support Practitioner Behaviour Support Practitioner	AUNZ	★★☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
37	Home health aide Home Health Aides	US	★☆☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★★★½	Human trust
38	Primary and secondary school teacher School Teacher (Primary/Secondary)	AU	★☆☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
39	Athletic trainer Athletic Trainers	US	★☆☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
40	Acupuncturist Acupuncturists	US	★☆☆☆☆	17.4/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
41	Enrolled Nurse Enrolled Nurse	NZAU	★½☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★½	Human trust
42	Social Worker Social Workers	CA	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
43	Primary school teacher Primary School Teacher	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
44	Psychiatric technician Psychiatric Technicians	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
45	Rehabilitation Counsellor Rehabilitation Counselors	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
46	Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselor Substance Abuse and Behavioral Disorder Counselors	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
47	Speech-Language Pathologist Speech-Language Pathologists	US	★½☆☆☆	16/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
48	NDIS Support Coordinator NDIS Support Coordinator	AUNZ	★★☆☆☆	16/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
49	Home care package coordinator Home Care Package Coordinator	AUNZ	★★☆☆☆	16/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
50	Hotel Manager Hotel / Motel Manager	AU	★★☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
51	Occupational Therapy Assistant Occupational Therapy Assistants	US	★☆☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
52	Secondary school teachers Secondary School Teacher	NZ	★☆☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
53	Massage Therapist Massage Therapist	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	17.4/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
54	School psychologist School Psychologists	US	★☆☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
55	Disability support worker Disability Support Worker	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
56	Dietitian Dietitians and nutritionists	CA	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
57	Dental hygienist Dental Hygienists	US	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
58	Education, Guidance and Career Advisors Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors	US	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
59	Special Education Teacher (Primary School) Special Education Teachers, Elementary School	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
60	Orthotist and prosthetist Orthotists and Prosthetists	US	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
61	Tour Guide / Travel Consultant Tour Guide / Travel Consultant	AU	★★☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
62	Nursing Assistant Nursing Assistants	US	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
63	Housing Officer Housing Officer	AUNZ	★★☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
64	Buyer's Agent Buyer's Agent	AUNZ	★★☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
65	NDIS Local Area Coordinator (LAC) Local Area Coordinator (NDIS)	AUNZ	★★☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
66	Home support workers, housekeepers and related occupations Home support workers, housekeepers and related occupations	CA	★☆☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
67	Restaurant Manager / Café Manager Restaurant / Cafe Manager	AU	★★☆☆☆	14.4/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
68	ESL English Teacher ESL Teacher	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
69	Hearing aid dispenser Hearing Aid Specialists	US	★½☆☆☆	14/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
70	Early childhood educators and assistants Early childhood educator and assistant	CA	★½☆☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
71	Social and Human Service Assistant Social and Human Service Assistants	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
72	Secondary school teachers Secondary School Teachers	CA	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
73	Medical social worker Healthcare Social Workers	US	★½☆☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
74	Early childhood educator Child Care Worker	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
75	Funeral Celebrant Funeral Director	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
76	Child, family and school social workers Child, Family, and School Social Workers	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
77	Fitness instructor Fitness Instructor	NZAU	★½☆☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
78	Hotel or motel manager Hotel or Motel Manager	NZ	★½☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
79	Dietitian Nutritionist	AUNZ	★★☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
80	Community services worker Community Services Worker	NZAU	★½☆☆☆	14.4/10	★★★★☆	Human trust
81	Dental Therapist Dental Therapist	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
82	Junior high special education teacher Special Education Teachers, Middle School	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
83	Pet groomers and animal care workers Pet groomers and animal care workers	CA	★½☆☆☆	15/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
84	Interpreter Interpreter	NZAU	★½☆☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
85	Rehabilitation Therapist Recreational Therapists	US	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
86	Community and social service project officer Social Policy, Researchers, Consultants and Program Officers	CA	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
87	Insurance broker Insurance Broker	NZAU	★½☆☆☆	15/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
88	Fundraising manager Fundraising Managers	US	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
89	Preschool teachers (excluding special education) Preschool Teachers, Except Special Education	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
90	Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators	US	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
91	Driving instructor Driving Instructor	AUNZ	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
92	Finance broker (mortgage broking direction) Finance Broker	NZ	★★½☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
93	Yoga instructor Yoga Instructor	AUNZ	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
94	Sports coach and fitness instructor Exercise Trainers and Group Fitness Instructors	US	★½☆☆☆	16/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
95	Dispensing optician Opticians, Dispensing	US	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
96	Special education teacher (secondary school) Special Education Teachers, Secondary School	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
97	Insurance broker Insurance Brokers	CA	★½☆☆☆	14.4/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
98	Flight attendant Flight Attendants	CAUS	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
99	Adult Basic Education and English as a Second Language Teachers Adult Basic Education, Adult Secondary Education, and English as a Second Language Instructors	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
100	Barber / Beauty Therapist Hairdresser / Beauty Therapist	AUNZ	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
101	Pet groomer Pet Groomer	NZAU	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
102	Mortgage broker Mortgage Broker / Finance Broker	AU	★★★☆☆	16/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
103	Education and childcare administrator (preschool and day care) Education and Childcare Administrators, Preschool and Daycare	US	★☆☆☆☆	14/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
104	Social Work Teacher, Tertiary Education Social Work Teachers, Postsecondary	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
105	Elementary school teachers (excluding special education) Elementary School Teachers, Except Special Education	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
106	secondary school vocational teacher Career/Technical Education Teachers, Middle School	US	★½☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
107	Swimming instructor Coaches	CA	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
108	Elementary and secondary school teacher assistants Elementary and secondary school teacher assistants	CA	★½☆☆☆	16/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
109	Dental technician Dental Laboratory Technicians	US	★★½☆☆	15/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
110	Restaurant, lounge, and café receptionist Hosts and Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, and Coffee Shop	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
111	Nurse practitioner Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses	US	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
112	Political scientist Political Scientists	US	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
113	Funeral home manager Funeral Home Managers	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
114	Funeral director, mortician, and funeral arranger Morticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Arrangers	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
115	Kindergarten teacher (excluding special education) Kindergarten Teachers, Except Special Education	US	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
116	Cafe or restaurant manager Cafe or Restaurant Manager	NZ	★☆☆☆☆	14.4/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
117	Secondary school teacher (middle and high school, excluding special education and vocational education) Middle School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education	US	★☆☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
118	Secondary school teachers (excluding special education and vocational education) Secondary School Teachers, Except Special and Career/Technical Education	US	★½☆☆☆	16.4/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
119	Dental assistant Dental assistants	CA	★☆☆☆☆	12/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
120	Occupational Therapy Assistant Occupational Therapy Aides	US	★☆☆☆☆	12/10	★★★½☆	Human trust
121	Barista / café manager Cafe Worker	NZ	★☆☆☆☆	14/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
122	Tutor Tutors	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
123	Animal caretaker Animal Caretakers	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
124	Psychiatric assistant Psychiatric Aides	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
125	Barista / café manager Barista / Cafe Manager	AU	★★☆☆☆	14/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
126	Visual merchandiser Merchandise Displayers and Window Trimmers	US	★½☆☆☆	15/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
127	Personal service supervisor First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers	US	★★½☆☆	16/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
128	Agricultural Produce Procurement Agent Buyers and Purchasing Agents, Farm Products	US	★★★☆☆	15/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
129	Clergy Clergy	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
130	Interpreters and Translators Interpreters and Translators	US	★★★★☆	16/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
131	Accommodation manager Lodging Managers	US	★☆☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
132	Accommodation advisor Residential Advisors	US	★☆☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
133	Dance instructor (private teaching) Instructors of persons with disabilities and other instructors	CA	½☆☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
134	Housekeeping and cleaning supervisors First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers	US	★½☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
135	Concierge. Concierges	US	★☆☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
136	Tour guide Travel Guides	US	★☆☆☆☆	14.4/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
137	Food service supervisor First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers	US	★☆☆☆☆	14.4/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
138	Auto Damage Insurance Appraiser Insurance Appraisers, Auto Damage	US	★★★½☆	14.4/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
139	Real estate agent Real estate agent	CA	★½☆☆☆	15/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
140	Credit counselor Credit Counselors	US	★★½☆☆	15/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
141	Career and Technical Education Teacher (Secondary School) Career/Technical Education Teachers, Secondary School	US	★½☆☆☆	15/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
142	Tour Guide / Travel Consultant Tour Guide	NZ	★★½☆☆	15/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
143	Animal trainer Animal Trainers	US	★☆☆☆☆	15/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
144	Childcare worker Childcare Workers	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
145	Hotel front desk receptionist Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks	US	★★★★☆	15/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
146	Teaching assistant Teacher Aide	AUNZ	★★★☆☆	13/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
147	Private detective and investigator Private Detectives and Investigators	US	★½☆☆☆	15/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
148	Tour guide and escort Tour Guides and Escorts	US	★★★★☆	15/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
149	Director of Religious Activities and Education Directors, Religious Activities and Education	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★★☆☆☆	Human trust
150	Funeral director Embalmers	US	★☆☆☆☆	15.6/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
151	Tour Guide / Travel Consultant Tour and travel guides	CA	★☆☆☆☆	14.4/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
152	Gambling services supervisor First-Line Supervisors of Gambling Services Workers	US	★★½☆☆	14.4/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
153	Food service managers Food Service Managers	US	★★★☆☆	14.4/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
154	Insurance sales agent Insurance Sales Agents	US	★★★★☆	14.4/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
155	Special education teaching assistant Teaching Assistants, Special Education	US	★☆☆☆☆	13/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
156	Labor Relations Specialist Labor Relations Specialists	US	★½☆☆☆	17/10	★½☆☆☆	Human trust
157	Funeral service worker Funeral Attendants	US	★☆☆☆☆	17/10	★½☆☆☆	Human trust
158	Farm, ranch, and aquaculture animal workers Farmworkers, Farm, Ranch, and Aquacultural Animals	US	★★★½☆	17/10	★½☆☆☆	Human trust
159	Waiter/Waitress Waiters and Waitresses	US	★★★☆☆	14.4/10	★★☆☆☆	Human trust
160	Teaching assistant (preschool, primary, secondary, excluding special education) Teaching Assistants, Preschool, Elementary, Middle, and Secondary School, Except Special Education	US	★★★☆☆	13/10	★★½☆☆	Human trust
161	Watch repairer. Watch and Clock Repairers	US	★☆☆☆☆	16/10	★½☆☆☆	Human trust
162	Government Customer Service Officer Government Customer Service Officer	AUNZ	★★★★☆	9/10	★★★☆☆	Human trust
163	Private household chef. Cooks, Private Household	US	½☆☆☆☆	16/10	★☆☆☆☆	Human trust
164	Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerk Insurance Claims and Policy Processing Clerks	US	★★★★☆	14.4/10	★☆☆☆☆	Human trust

Related rankings

Lowest AI replacement Best AI-augmented Licensed moat Hands-on & on-site Highest growth Migration-friendly Newcomers, be cautious

Data sources & methodology

Rankings are computed automatically by transparent formulas from each occupation’s rating dimensions (AI risk, demand, PR friendliness, etc.) and the four AI-map scores (automation exposure, human moat, entry compression, AI upside) — not hand-picked. Scores and salaries are estimates aggregated from public data, updated periodically and indicative only.

Rankings combine AI automation exposure, human moat, entry-risk and AI-upside with demand and growth ratings. Estimates only — always check official sources.